Задание 9
Ex. 1. Read the text, try to focus on its essential facts and choose the most suitable heading below for each paragraph and write them:
l) The Fields of Scientific Research; 2) Different Groups of Sciences; The Importance of Science; 4) What Is Science?;5) Methods of Scientific Research.
Science
The word "science" comes from the Latin word "scientia", which means "knowledge". Science covers the broad field of knowledge that deals with facts and the relationship among these facts.
Scientists study a wide variety of subjects. Some scientists search for clues to the origin of the universe and examine the structure of the cells of living plants and animals. Other researchers investigate why we act the way we do, or try to solve complicated mathematical problems.
Scientists use systematic methods of study to make observations and collect facts. They develop theories that help them order and unify facts. Scientific theories consist of general principles or laws that attempt to explain how and why something happens or has happened. A theory is considered to become a part of scientific knowledge if it has been tested experimentally and proved to be true.
Scientific study can be divided into the three major groups: the natural, social and technical sciences. As scientific knowledge has grown and become more complicated, many new fields of science have appeared. At the same time, the boundaries between scientific fields have become less and less clear. Numerous areas of science overlap each other and it is often hard to tell where science ends and another begins. All science closely interconnected.
Science has great influence on our lives. It provides the basis of modern technology - the tools and machines that make our life and work easier. The discoveries and inventions of scientists also help shape our view about ourselves and our place in the universe.
Ex. 2. Write out 10 words on the topic from the text.
Ex. 3. Fill in the gaps with the missing words in the following sentences. The first letter of each word has been given to help you. Tranlate.
1.Science d... with a variety of subjects. 2. Scientists s... for the answers to the different questions. 3. The structure of the cells is e... by the scientists. 4. Different theories u the facts. 5. The b... of some scientific fields are not clear. 6. The natural, social and technical sciences are closely i 7. T... the ages people have invented tools, machines and materials to make work easier. 8. Science c… much to modern technology.9.Some modern technologies d... on science. 10. During our l... time we watch TV.
In each sentence, underline the verb, which expresses an ought.
At first man had no carriages and when he needed to carry things from place to place, he had to use his own muscles.
A travel to the Moon needs a great deal of planning. For a beginning we must decide what flight route we may follow.
There is a project of round-the-year sea and river navigation in which Russia, the USA and Canada should be jointly interested.
The problem now is to create new materials not existing in nature and having required properties.
TASK 6
In each sentence underline the verb that expresses the possibility of action.
Rontgen knew that the cathode rays could make the screen glow.
An important factor of melting ice in the Arctic might be the possibility of round-the-year sea and river navigation.
Flying from one part of the world to another satellites will be able to investigate the balance of sunlight energy absorbed and dissipated in the earth's atmosphere.
Изначально у человека не было грузовой тележки и когда ему нужно было переносить вещи с места на место, ему had to приходилось использовать собственные мышцы. Путешествие на Луну нужно много раз (немало, неоднократно) планировать. Для начала мы must должны решить каким курсом полета мы можем следовать. Существует проект круглогодичной морской и речной навигации, в котором совместно should be должны быть заинтересованы Россия, США и Канада. Сейчас проблема is to заключается в создании новых материалов, не существующих в природе и имеющие необходимые свойства.