1) 2Al + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2
2Al + 6H + 6Cl = 2Al + 6Cl + 6H
2) AlCl3 + 3NaOH = 3NaCl + Al(OH)3
Al + Cl3 + 3Na + 3OH = 3Na + 3Cl + Al(OH)3
Al + 3OH = Al(OH)3
3) 2Al(OH)3 = Al2O3 + 3H2O
2Al(OH)3 = 2Al + 3O + 3H2O
4) Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O = 2Na[Al(OH)4]
2Al + 3O + 2Na + 2OH + 3H2O = 2Na + 2Al(OH)4
2Al + 3O + 2OH + 3H2O = 2Al(OH)4
5) 2Na[Al(OH)4] + 3Na2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + 8NaOH
2Na + 2Al(OH)4 + 6Na + 3SO4 = 2Al + 3SO4 + 8Na + 8OH
2Al(OH)4 = 2Al + 8OH
6) Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH = 2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4
2Al + 3SO4 + 6Na + 6OH = 2Al(OH)3 + 6Na + 3SO4
2Al + 6OH = 2Al(OH)3
7) Al(OH)3 +3HCl = 3H2O + AlCl3
Al(OH)3 + 3H + 3Cl = 3H2O + Al + 3Cl
Al(OH)3 + 3H = 3H2O + Al
8) AlCl3 + 4NaOH (избыток) = 3NaCl + Na[Al(OH)4]
Al + 3Cl + 4Na + 4OH = 3Na + 3Cl + Na + Al(OH)4
Al + 4OH = Al(OH)4
Дано: m (N2) = 14г найти: V (Н2) =?
N2 + 3H2 ---> 2NH3 (NH3 – аммиак)
ν = 1 моль ν = 3 моль
М = 28г/моль Vm = 22.4л/моль
m = 28г V = 67, 2 л
14/28 = х / 67,2 х = 14 * 67,2 / 28 = 33,6л
ответ: V (Н2) = 33,6л
1) 2Al + 6HCl = 2AlCl3 + 3H2
2Al + 6H + 6Cl = 2Al + 6Cl + 6H
2) AlCl3 + 3NaOH = 3NaCl + Al(OH)3
Al + Cl3 + 3Na + 3OH = 3Na + 3Cl + Al(OH)3
Al + 3OH = Al(OH)3
3) 2Al(OH)3 = Al2O3 + 3H2O
2Al(OH)3 = 2Al + 3O + 3H2O
4) Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O = 2Na[Al(OH)4]
2Al + 3O + 2Na + 2OH + 3H2O = 2Na + 2Al(OH)4
2Al + 3O + 2OH + 3H2O = 2Al(OH)4
5) 2Na[Al(OH)4] + 3Na2SO4 = Al2(SO4)3 + 8NaOH
2Na + 2Al(OH)4 + 6Na + 3SO4 = 2Al + 3SO4 + 8Na + 8OH
2Al(OH)4 = 2Al + 8OH
6) Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH = 2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4
2Al + 3SO4 + 6Na + 6OH = 2Al(OH)3 + 6Na + 3SO4
2Al + 6OH = 2Al(OH)3
7) Al(OH)3 +3HCl = 3H2O + AlCl3
Al(OH)3 + 3H + 3Cl = 3H2O + Al + 3Cl
Al(OH)3 + 3H = 3H2O + Al
8) AlCl3 + 4NaOH (избыток) = 3NaCl + Na[Al(OH)4]
Al + 3Cl + 4Na + 4OH = 3Na + 3Cl + Na + Al(OH)4
Al + 4OH = Al(OH)4
Mg(+2) CI2(-1), H2(+1) SO3(-2), Ca(+2) O(-2), Na2(+1) S(-2), S(+4) O2(-2), S(+6) O3(-2), N (+3) H3(-1), Cr2(+3) O3(-2), Cr(+6) O3(-2) , H(+1)CI(-1) , Fe2 (+3) O3 (-2), Ca(+2) Br2(-1), Al2 (+3) S3 (-2), Fe(+2) O(-2), H(+1) F(-1), Mn2 (+7) O7 (-2), H3(+1) P(+5) O4 (-2), Na2 (+1) S(+4) O4 (-2), K(+1) N(+5) O3( -2), такие вещ-ва как S, Fe и H2 будут иметь 0-ой заряд;
ЗАДАНИЕ 2:
2Na + H2S ---> Na2S + H2
Mg + H2S ---> MgS + H2
6Na + 2H3PO4 ---> 2Na3PO4 + 3H2
3Mn + 2H3PO4 ---> Mn3(PO4)2 + 3H2
ЗАДАНИЕ 4:
Дано: m (N2) = 14г найти: V (Н2) =?
N2 + 3H2 ---> 2NH3 (NH3 – аммиак)
ν = 1 моль ν = 3 моль
М = 28г/моль Vm = 22.4л/моль
m = 28г V = 67, 2 л
14/28 = х / 67,2 х = 14 * 67,2 / 28 = 33,6л
ответ: V (Н2) = 33,6л
ЗАДАНИЕ 5:a) S (+6) O3 (-2)
b) Zn (+2) CI2 (-1)
c) P (+3) H (-1)
d) Cu (+2) Br2 (-1)