1) The official name of Great Britain is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
2) The UK is situated on the British Isles.
3) It consists of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
4) The territory of the United Kingdom is about 244,000 square kilometres. The population of the United Kingdom is more than 57 million people.
5) London is the capital of the UK.
6) The surface of Great Britain varies greatly. The northern and western parts of the country is mountainous and is called the Highlands.
7) There are no long rivers. The most important of them are the Severn, the Thames, the Trent . There are many beautiful lakes in the mountainous parts of the country.
8) The climate of the British Isles is milder than that of the Continent because the mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of Great Britain.
9) Yes, it is. Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country.
10) The British industry produce iron and steel products, machinery and electronics, chemicals and textile, aircraft and navigation equipment.
11) London, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, Glasgowand Bristol are ndustrial cities in Great Britain.
12)I know many outstanding people of Great Britain, for example, sir Winston Churchill, Margaret Thatcher, writers Shakespeare, Swift, Doyle, Milne, Stephenson, Tolkien; people like Martin Luther King, George Washington, Abraham Lincoln and many others.
13)There are such big educational establishments in Great Britain as Oxford and Cambridge universities.
14) No, it isn't. The United Kingdom is a monarchy.
15)The name of the Queen of Great Britain is Elisabeth II.
16) Yes, her power is limited by Parkiament.
17)The British Parliament consist of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
18) The Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties are the main political parties in Great Britain.
19)The Prime Minister of Great Britain is Antony Blair.
1) The official name of Great Britain is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
2) The UK is situated on the British Isles.
3) It consists of four parts: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.
4) The territory of the United Kingdom is about 244,000 square kilometres. The population of the United Kingdom is more than 57 million people.
5) London is the capital of the UK.
6) The surface of Great Britain varies greatly. The northern and western parts of the country is mountainous and is called the Highlands.
7) There are no long rivers. The most important of them are the Severn, the Thames, the Trent . There are many beautiful lakes in the mountainous parts of the country.
8) The climate of the British Isles is milder than that of the Continent because the mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of Great Britain.
9) Yes, it is. Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country.
10) The British industry produce iron and steel products, machinery and electronics, chemicals and textile, aircraft and navigation equipment.
11) London, Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool, Glasgowand Bristol are ndustrial cities in Great Britain.
12)I know many outstanding people of Great Britain, for example, sir Winston Churchill, Margaret Thatcher, writers Shakespeare, Swift, Doyle, Milne, Stephenson, Tolkien; people like Martin Luther King, George Washington, Abraham Lincoln and many others.
13)There are such big educational establishments in Great Britain as Oxford and Cambridge universities.
14) No, it isn't. The United Kingdom is a monarchy.
15)The name of the Queen of Great Britain is Elisabeth II.
16) Yes, her power is limited by Parkiament.
17)The British Parliament consist of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.
18) The Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties are the main political parties in Great Britain.
19)The Prime Minister of Great Britain is Antony Blair.
20) He is the head of The Labour party.
Объяснение: x : y = 1,32/1,32 : 1,98/1,32 = 1 : 1,5,
а затем умножим обе величины последнего отношения на два:
x : y = 2 : 3.
Таким образом, простейшая формула оксида хрома Cr2O3.
П р и м е р 9 При полном сжигании некоторого вещества массой 2,66 г образовались СО2 и SO2
массами 1,54 г и 4,48 г соответственно. Найдите простейшую формулу вещества.
Решение Состав продуктов горения показывает, что вещество содержало углерод и серу. Кроме
этих двух элементов, в состав его мог входить и кислород.
Массу углерода, входившего в состав вещества, найдем по массе образовавшегося СО2. Мольная
масса СО2 равна 44 г/моль, при этом в 1 моле СО2 содержится 12 г углерода. Найдем массу углерода m,
содержащуюся в 1,54 г СО2:
44/12 = 1,54/m; m = 12•1,54/44 = 0,42 г.
Вычисляя аналогично массу серы, содержащуюся в 4,48 г SO2, получаем 2,24 г.
Так как масса серы и углерода равна 2,66 г, то это вещество не содержит кислорода и формула ве-
щества СхSy:
х : y = 0,42/12 : 2,24/32 = 0,035 : 0,070 = 1 : 2.
Следовательно, простейшая формула вещества СS2.
Для нахождения молекулярной формулы вещества необходимо, кроме состава вещества, знать его
молекулярную массу.
П р и м е р 10 Газообразное соединение азота с водородом содержит 12,5 % (масс.) водорода.
Плотность соединения по водороду равна 16. Найдите молекулярную формулу соединения.
Решение Искомая формула вещества NхHу:
x : y = 87,5/14 : 12,5/1 = 6,25 : 12,5 = 1 : 2.
Простейшая формула соединения NH2. Этой формуле отвечает молекулярная масса, равная 16 а.е.м.
Истинную молекулярную массу соединения найдем, исходя из его плотности по водороду:
М = 2•16 = 32 а.е.м.
Следовательно, формула вещества N2Н4.