1. Найдём кол-во в-ва (моль) каждого элемента. По формуле: n = m : Ar; где: n - кол-во в-ва (моль), m - масса (г), Ar - атомная масса (значения берутся из таблицы Менделеева, г/моль).
n (C) = 12 г : 12 г/моль = 1 (моль).
m (Mg) = 12 г : 24 г/моль = 0,5 (моль).
2. Узнав кол-во в-ва каждого элемента, мы можем найти число атомов. По формуле: N = Nₐ · n; где: N - число атомов (атом), Nₐ - число Авогадро, постоянная величина, равная 6,02 · 10²³ (атомов/моль), n - кол-во в-ва (моль).
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№1.
Дано:
m (C) = 12 г ;
m (Mg) = 12 г.
Найти:
N (C) — ?
N (Mg) — ?
1. Найдём кол-во в-ва (моль) каждого элемента. По формуле: n = m : Ar; где: n - кол-во в-ва (моль), m - масса (г), Ar - атомная масса (значения берутся из таблицы Менделеева, г/моль).
n (C) = 12 г : 12 г/моль = 1 (моль).
m (Mg) = 12 г : 24 г/моль = 0,5 (моль).
2. Узнав кол-во в-ва каждого элемента, мы можем найти число атомов. По формуле: N = Nₐ · n; где: N - число атомов (атом), Nₐ - число Авогадро, постоянная величина, равная 6,02 · 10²³ (атомов/моль), n - кол-во в-ва (моль).
N (C) = 6,02 · 10²³ атомов/моль · 1 моль = 6,02 · 10²³ (атомов).
N (Mg) = 6,02 · 10²³ атомов/моль · 0,5 моль = 3,01 · 10²³ (атомов).
4. Из соотношения числа атомов мы видим, что в 12 г углерода атомов ровно в 2 раза больше, чем в 12 г магния.
ответ: в 2 раза.
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№2.
Дано:
m (Fe) = 28 г.
Найти:
m (Fe₂O₃) — ?
↓ [РЕШЕНИЕ И ОТВЕТ ВО ВЛОЖЕНИИ] ↓
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