Задание №3. ответьте на во письменно.
1. What do a teacher and an actor have in common?
2. How do they differ?
3. Do you think teaching is easy?
4. What difficulties do young teachers face?
5. What is an ideal teacher? What qualities should he or she possess?
TEACHERS AND ACTORS
To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of the good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.
Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit motionless before his class; he stands the whole time he is teaching, he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.
The fact that a good teacher has some of the qualities of a good actor does not mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage; for there are important differences between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak words which he has learned by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part; even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed before. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.
A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions. The teacher, therefore, has to understand the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.
There are many teachers who are fine actors in class, but are unable to take part in a stage-play …
2. a. I haven’t got any brothers or sisters. I’m the only child.
3. c. I’m not hungry. I just want a bowl of soup for lunch.
4.b. I was in London in 1996.
5. a. In my neighbourhood lots of blocks of flats and a supermarket.
6.b. I accept a hot bathroom and listen the radio.
7.b. On the roads are too many cars.
8.c. My sister’s husband is a computer expert.
9.a. In the fridge not many cheese but many tomatoes.
10.c. How is her character?
11.a. Я ем шоколадные конфеты, а мой друг читает мне романы.
12.b. Дети заканчивают школу в шестнадцать или восемнадцать лет.
13.c. Я ищу свои очки.
14. b. Женщина мне по дому и готовит еду.
15.c. Я обычно останавливаюсь в квартире одного из моих друзей.
Автоматизация - это такая система производства, при которой определенные задачи, ранее выполнявшиеся людьми, теперь выполняют только машинные устройства. Последовательность операций контролируется при этом автоматически. Наиболее известным примером высоко автоматизированного производственного процесса может служить сборка автомобилей или других сложных устройств.
Термин "автоматизация" также используется для описания непроизводственных процессов, в которых механизмы могут выполнять работу без вмешательства и контроля со стороны людей. Такие устройства, как автопилоты, автоматическое телефонное оборудование или автоматические системы контроля используются для выполнения самых разных операций, и эти устройства справляются с работой быстрее и качественнее, чем справились бы люди.
Автоматизация производства несколько этапов развития. Механизация стала первым необходимым этапом автоматизации. Упрощение работы позволило сконструировать и произвести устройства, чьи движения напоминали движения человека. Эти специализированные устройства снабдили мотором, что привело к увеличению эффективности выполняемых ими работ.