You are going to read some facts about Scotland. Four paragraphs have been removed. Choose from A–G the one which fits each gap (13– 18). There is one extra paragraph which you don’t need to use.
Do You Know That...
The name “tattoo” has an interesting origin. Traditionally the soldiers were told to return to the living quarters each night by a beat of the drum which sounded like “tat-too”.
The word “clan” means “family” and the great clans of the 16th and 17th centuries were really like big families, ruled by powerful chiefs. (13) __ .
Many people in Scotland have the name McDonald or McKenzie. “Mac” means “son of” and people with this name feel they belong to the same family or clan. Common boys’ names are Angus, Donald or Duncan, and girls’ names are Morag, Fiona or Jean. The national dress of Scots is the kilt, which was originally worn by men.(14) __ .The wearing of tartans (coloured checks) is traditional in Scotland. (15) __25th January is celebrated by Scotsmen all over the world, as it is the birthday of Robert Burns. (16) __ .During the festival pipe music is played, traditional dress is worn and traditional meal is eaten. (17) __ . Many Scottish people still use some Scottish words when they speak English. For example, “wee” means small as in “wee laddie” — small boy. (18) __ . If someone answers your questions with “aye” they are agreeing with you, because “aye” means “yes”.
A. People also recite poems by their favourite poet.
B. Sometimes there were battles between different clans but nowadays the McDonalds, the McKenzies and the Campbells all live in peace with each other.
C. Originally, it was worn as a long piece of cloth thrown over the shoulders.
D. There are still old people in faraway corners of Scotland who speak Gaelic.
E. It is a skirt with a lot of folds.
F. A “bonnie lass” is a pretty girl and a “bairn” is a young child.
G. The festival is called Burns Night.
Я не люблю истории о призраках, потому что, когда я читаю такие истории, мне кажется, что призрак где-то ходит по нашему дому и наблюдает за мной. Вот почему я не люблю читать истории о привидениях, хотя я прекрасно понимаю, что призраки не существуют в реальности. Но все же я боюсь увидеть призрака во сне после прочтения рассказа о нём.
1. Carefully control your behavior on social networks. Virtuoso scammers are very adept at using personal information with which they can easily crack security codes and gain access to other accounts. Over the past few years, this method of cyberattack has become one of the most common.
2. For the safety of your accounts, restrict access to the inner circle of friends and relatives. Never share personal information with new online friends. Try not to advertise data containing birth dates, email addresses or pet names that can be used as passwords. All this information can be very useful for a professional hacker.
3. Do not use debit cards online. Unauthorized debit card payments are withdrawn directly from your bank account, and even if you report a violation immediately, it will take more than one week to restore the previous balance. In the case of a credit card in a similar situation, when contesting suspicious payments, the client has access to his accounts. Both types of cards have notification functions either by e-mail or in the form of SMS text, which makes it possible to quickly interrupt unauthorized actions. Visa is a leader in security solutions for its credit cards.
4. Beware of messages of this kind: “Attention! Your account has been hacked. You must call to verify your account. Send us a message and we will call you back. ”
5. Do not become a victim of Clickjacking. This type of attack is fraught with hyperlinks under what, at first glance, looks like harmless content. However, clicking the link opens a channel for malware that can invade your computer or transfer your personal information.
6. Do not be reckless in using any Wi-Fi connection. Wi-Fi hotspots are most often unsafe because they do not encode information transmitted on the Internet. Moreover, the tools used by hackers allow them to “peek” over your shoulder and fetch usernames, passwords or other information that provides access to financial accounts. Cellular network in this regard is more secure.
7. In the email messages and on the website, look carefully at the URLs, even if they contain the names of the reputable financial institutions you deal with. The most common catch is a combination of a legitimate website name and fake. These addresses very often lead to mime sites, which under the appearance of a legitimate guise hide affiliation with hacking activities. Sometimes the URL may be genuine, but when you click on the link, it takes you to another site.
8. Never click on messages sent by e-mail and offering to update personal data. In most cases, such requests are triggered after you enter your account via a non-email address.
9. Do not use the same password for different accounts. Choose unusual characters, numbers, and spaces for passwords. As an added precaution, fill out security questions with fictitious, easy-to-remember answers, rather than facts that might reveal your personal information.
10. Install antivirus and antispyware software on your computer. Make sure that these programs work and are updated automatically.
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