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The legislative branch of the federal government is represented by Con-gress. There are two houses of Congress: the Senate and the House of Repre-sentatives. The Senate is composed of 100 voting members, two from each of the 50 states. They are elected for a six-year term and the number of their terms is unlimited. The House of Repre¬sentatives has 435 voting members in addition to two representatives from Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia who are not entitled to vote. The members of the House are called representatives or Congressmen (or congresswomen). They are elected for a two-year term.
Many members of the Congress are regularly re-elected, and so some of them serve for over 20 years.
The number of representatives from each state depends on the state population. Every ten years the U.S. Census reports the distribution of the population throughout the entire country. The congressional seats are then re-distributed accordingly. California claims the largest delegation. New York ranks second. Alaska, Nevada, and some others have only one representative.
Within Congress there exist party leaders who are selected by congres-sional party caucuses (party meetings).
Either house – the Senate or the House of Representatives may offer a bill (but only the House proposes finance bills). All bills are immediately referred to a legislative committee. These committees are organized by special areas such as education, agriculture, and foreign affairs. Each committee is made up of representatives of both parties and each committee has its own staff.
The committee responsible for a particular bill holds hearings on it. Ex-perts appear before the committee and offer suggestions and opinions about the bill. After the hearings, the committee reports its recommendations to the House. These recommendations may include suggested changes in the bill, or the committee may propose an entirely new one. Committee recommendations are of great importance because, when the legislators vote on a bill, they usually follow the committee report. If a committee chooses not to consider the bill, the bill dies. It is nearly impossible for a bill to reach the House or Senate floor without first winning committee approval.
Following the committee action the bill is debated on the floor of each house. Then the vote is taken. A voice vote, the most common and the quickest, involves a general chorus or Yeas or Nays. The chairperson decides which side has the majority. In a roll-call vote each vote is recorded separately. If a bill is defeated in either house, it dies. If the House of Representatives and the Senate approve similar bills with some different provisions, both bills go to a conference committee, in which selected legislators work to adjust the differences.
The bill becomes law following one or several steps by the president. He may approve the bill and sign it; he may sign the bill with a statement express-ing his disapproval; or he may simply not sign the bill, in which case it auto-matically becomes law after ten days. But if the president wants to prevent the bill from becoming law, he vetoes it. But the proposal may still become law if two thirds of each house of Congress then vote for it, thus overriding, or defeating the president’s veto. This does not happen often. The president may also use the «pocket veto» by withholding his signature within ten days of congressional adjournment.
We live in a world where people are always in a hurry and don’t have enough time to eat healthy. Eating in a hurry can be harmful for the body. Buying every desired product is also risky. There are lots of products today which are genetically modified. It means that they weren’t grown in their natural environment and conditions. If we want to follow a healthy diet, we should avoid such products. Мы живем в мире, где люди всегда спешат и не имеют достаточно времени, чтобы питаться правильно. Еда в спешке может быть вредной для организма. Покупка каждого желаемого продукта также рискованна. Сегодня есть много продуктов, которые являются генетически модифицированными. Это означает, что они выросли не в естественной среде и условиях. Если мы хотим поддерживать здоровую диету, мы должны избегать таких продуктов.
Eating healthy is very important for every person. Wise people say, “Health is above wealth”. And, indeed, what can we do properly if we don’t eat. It is our natural source of energy, so it’s better to chose it carefully. For example, our body needs more vitamins and minerals but it doesn’t need much cholesterol. That’s why, it’s better to avoid using fat-containing products. We also need less sodium, which is found in salt and less sugar. I now try to eat less sweets and cakes. First of all, it can make me overweight. Secondly, it’s not good for health. Здоровое питание очень важно для каждого человека. Мудрые люди говорят: «Здоровье выше богатства». И, действительно, что мы можем делать хорошо, не покушав. Это наш естественный источник энергии, так что лучше выбирать его внимательно. Например, наше тело нуждается в большем количестве витаминов и минералов, но ему не нужно много холестерина. Вот почему, лучше избегать употребления жиросодержащих продуктов. Нам также необходимо меньше натрия, который содержится в соли и меньше сахара. С сейчас стараюсь кушать меньше сладостей и тортов. Прежде всего, это грозит мне избыточным весом. Во-вторых, это не очень хорошо для здоровья.
Eating lots of vegetables and fruit is healthy. Other healthy and nutritious products include fish, seafood, whole grains, fat-free or low-fat milk products, lean meat, eggs, beans, seeds and nuts. However, a lot depends on every person’s body and its needs. For example, some people are highly allergic to nuts. In this case they need to cut this product out of their daily diet. Для здоровья хорошо кушать много овощей и фруктов. К другим здоровым и питательным продуктам относится рыба, морепродукты, цельные зерна, обезжиренные или нежирные молочные продукты, постное мясо, яйца, бобовые, семена и орехи. Тем не менее, многое зависит от тела каждого человека и его потребностей. Например, у некоторых людей сильная аллергия на орехи. В этом случае они должны удалить этот продукт из своего ежедневного рациона.
Another problem is the increasing number of fast-food chains. People want to eat quickly but they don’t realize that fast-food is unhealthy. Еще одной проблемой является увеличение числа сетей быстрого питания. Люди хотят поесть быстро, но не понимают, что фаст-фуд является нездоровым.
The regime of eating is also important. It means we need to eat at certain hours during the day. For example, breakfast at 8 am, lunch at 1 pm, snack at 4 pm and dinner at 6 pm. Режим питания также важен. Это означает, что мы должны есть в определенные часы в течение дня. Например, завтрак в 8 утра, обед в 1 дня, полдник в 4 и ужин в 6 вечера.
Along with eating healthy, we should try to keep fit by doing exercise, cycling, spending less time in front of the TV and not smoking. Наряду со здоровым питанием, мы должны стараться поддерживать себя в форме, делая упражнения, катаясь на велосипеде, тратя меньше времени перед телевизором и не куря сигарет.
Объяснение:
Объяснение:
Level A
Вариант № 1
Заполните пропуски артиклями: a, an, the или --.
1.Please clean … blackboard.
2. He must go to … bank and … post office.
3…. fire and water … are good servants, but … bad masters.
4…. news that you brought was … great shock.
5…. weather was fine and we decided to take .. walk. a
6…. State of Liberty was presented as … gift by … people of … France to …
people of … United States.
7. They are looking for … man with … long dark hair. He is armed and very
dangerous.
8. It’s … pity that you can’t come.
9. Is … Everest … highest mountain in … world?
10. One law is for … rich and another is for … poor.
Level A
Вариант № 2
Заполните пропуски артиклями: a, an, the или --.
1.Would you like to go to …. theatre with me tonight?
2. This trip costs … lot of money.
3.Could you give me … lift to the office?
4..Which is longer: … Volga or … Dnieper?
5.…. Experience is … best teacher.
6… Pushkin, the greatest Russian poet, was born in … 1799.
7.…. music is the universal language of … world.
8..The acting was poor, but we enjoyed … music.
9..The Russians like … good hard winter with plenty of snow and frost.
10.Don’t worry, we’ll get home before … sunset.
Level A
Вариант № 3
Заполните пропуски артиклями: a, an, the или --.
I found … kitten in the street and brought it home, but my mother is against … poor animal.
You asked me … question but I think you should know … answer yourself.
Let’s settle all business matters before … lunch.
… Swiss Alps are a good place to go to if you like skiing.
Tourists coming to London often do the shopping in … Oxford Street.
Nothing can be more beautiful than motoring across the green fields in … early spring.
I don’t believe you. I think you’re telling … lie.
What … easy exercise!
Do you know which is … shortest day in … year?
It caused … great deal of trouble.
.
Level A
Вариант № 4
Заполните пропуски артиклями: a, an, the или --.
1.He wants to be … car designer.
2. What’s … time on your watch?
3.My … car is four years old and it still runs well.
4. When you go to … store, please buy … bottle of …chocolate milk and … dozen
oranges.
5. The children were shivering though it was … warm night.
6. … Volga flows from … Valdai Hills to … Caspian Sea.
7.Is … Amsterdam in … United States or in … Netherlands?
8.Most people watch TV after … supper.
9. In England we drive on … left.
10. … milk is useful for … health.
Level A
Вариант № 5
Заполните пропуски артиклями: a, an, the или --.
She didn’t go to … work yesterday.
He likes to be in the … centre of everything.
Nature is so beautiful in …. spring.
It snowed at … night.
The pupil showed … Europe, … Asia, … North and .. South America,
… Africa on the map but he completely forgot about … Australia.
Something is burning! --- Oh, I’ve forgotten about … supper again!
Can I borrow your car? --Yes, sure. Here are … keys.
There are only … few seats left for … tonight’s musical at … university.
Last night there was … bird singing outside my house.
He is … experienced driver.
Level A
Вариант № 6
Заполните пропуски артиклями: a, an, the или --.
My friend knows … lot about … USA.
… Americans spell some English words differently.
… Lake Erie is one of … five great Lakes in … North America.
… Queen Elisabeth II is … monarch of … Great Britain.
There was … knock at … door and … young girl wearing … summer dress entered … room.
How much did you pay for … dinner?
What is … British Museum famous for?
… Panama Canal connects … Atlantic and … Pacific Oceans.
Do you feel … smell of … fallen leaves coming from … park?
Last night I heard the opera and enjoyed … music.
Level A
Вариант № 7
Заполните пропуски артиклями: a, an, the или --.
1.Did you find … magazine you were looking for?
2. He is going to buy … new car.
3. … largest river in … United States is … Mississippi River.
4.They offered us … food and … drink.
5.My car broke down near … bus stop. There was … man waiting for … bus, so I asked
him for … advice. He took … quick look at my car and said, ”Buy … new car”.
6. They had … tasty lunch at the café.
7. … Alaska is the biggest state in … USA.
8.You can see a beautiful collection of Modern Art in … Tretyakov Gallery.
9.In this country … spring is always wet, … summer is hot,… autumn is wet and muddy, …
winter is cold and snowy.
10.Have … look at the sky. It looks like rain.