Упражнение 1. Определите инфинитив в функции подлежащего. Переве-дите на русский язык. 1. It is easy to answer such questions.
2. To do all the duties in time is a very good habit.
3. It was very difficult to keep the patient quiet.
4. To render surgical assistance is not an easy task.
5. It is important for the dentist to estimate correctly the nature of the patient's condition and provide the treatment.
6. To relieve the bronchial spasm is the chief aim in treating status asthmaticus.
7. It is advisable to transfer blood directly into the patient's bloodstream.
8. After pneumonectomy it is necessary to maintain a negative pressure on the affected side.
Упражнение 2. Определите инфинитив в функции обстоятельства. Переведите предложения.
1. In order to keep in good health one must take care of one's health.
2. No one of the three men knew enough of the language to follow all his words.
3. To protect yourself from dangerous exposure to the sun's rays, use a sunscreen.
4. To prepare for the examination study thirty minutes every day.
5. The volume of the patient's nasopharynx is measured in order to select the pad of proper size.
6. The plasma concentrations of albumin and globulin serve to maintain the proper water content of the blood.
7. All necessary measures are taken to relieve the patient's condition.
8. To avoid complications one has to take into account the past history of the patient.
9. External stimuli activate the cell membranes of nerve cells so as to release stored electrical energy within the cells.
Упражнение 3. Определите тип сказуемого в предложении. Пере¬ведите предложения.
1. Infection of wounds is to be prevented by the most careful disinfection of the surgeon's hands.
2. The student was allowed to examine the patient.
3. Transfusion of incompatible blood may produce a post-transfusion shock.
4. The patient wanted to consult a specialist.
5. The district doctor is to begin his consultation in time.
6. To protect the patients from the secondary infection they should be sent to bed at the beginning of the attack of the grippe.
7. The patient began to recover after operation.
8. The patient in need of emergency aid must be brought to medical institutions.
9. Whenever a defect is found, the child may be protected from illness by the proper diet.
10. Drinking water has to be under sanitation control in accordance with special rules.
11. When the child was ill he used to make injections himself.
Упражнение 4. Переведите предложения. Обратите внимание на перевода инфинитива в функции определения.
1. He had the opportunity to visit a dentist.
2. I have not had time to examine this patient yet.
3. He was the first to come in time.
4. We have had the opportunity to see a large number of children with severe valvular deformity and to replace surgically their mitral valve.
5. Due to the tendency of children to swallow the secretions from their lungs, it is unusual for them to produce any expectoration.
6. Every intake of the drug produced vomiting impossible to control.
7. The wish to go out of doors is a natural wish.
8. The important point to remember is that benign essential hypertension is much commoner than malignant.
9. One of the criteria to determine antiarrhythmic activity of glucagon was the return of ventricular tachycardia spontaneously.
10. The surgeon was the first to make an operation on the heart.
Упражнение 5. Определите инфинитив в функции дополнения. Предложения переведите.
1. Many patients help the nurses to nurse the bedridden patients.
2. Throughout the city, firemen teach citizens first aid and instruct junior high school students to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
3. The patient is asked to report in which car the sound is heard louder.
4. The sense of smell helps us to detect improper food.
5. The patient was allowed to get up during this routine treatment.
6. He reported to have seen a similar case in another hospital.
7. Hemoglobin is an important protein in erythrocytes which helps to carry the oxygen as it travels through the bloodstream
After each term in school we had our holidays. It's fun to have holidays, you can do whatever you like, you don't have to get up too early, do your homework or think of troubles which occur very often at school.
Most of all I liked summer holidays, they were the longest ones, though, when winter was snowy and and frosty, I enjoyed my winter holidays skating and skiing, sledging and making a snowman or having a fight with snowballs.
I'd like to tell you about my summer holidays I spent in Sochi. It was just three years ago. My parents and me were sitting in the living-room discussing our plans for the summer holidays. My father suggested that we should go to Sochi. On hearing that I jumped up with joy and said it was a wonderful idea. My mother wasn't against the idea either. So one summer morning we started for our journey to Sochi.
First, we travelled to Odessa by plane and from there we got to Sochi by boat. We stayed in Odessa for three days, our relatives live there and they gave us board and lodging. So we had an excellent opportunity to go round the city, to see beautiful monuments to the famous people who had lived in Odessa, museums and the Odessa Opera House.
We enjoyed our trip from Odessa to Sochi. The Black Sea was calm. We sat on deck in the lounge chairs and looked at the sea. I like Sochi very much, we bathed and went boating and swimming, lay in the sun on the beach. In the evenings we went for a walk or dropped in at a cafe to have ice-cream or juice.
My father showed us the famous Botanical Gardens, we went for hikes in the mountains, we saw the magnificent Augura Waterfalls. The sea was nice and warm. The weather was fine. When it was time to go home, we were sorry to leave the marvellous town of Sochi.