Translate into russian:
i. phases of investigation
the objectives of the investigator provide a convenient division of the investigation into three phases: ( 1 ) the criminal is identified; (2) he is traced and located; and (3) the facts proving his guilt are gathered for court presentation. this division is made for convenience of discussion, since the three phases are not necessarily separated in time but are usually fused throughout the investigation. the same evidence, moreover can of¬ten be used for all three objectives.
identifying the criminal.
in the first stage the criminal is identified, i.e., some person is identi¬fied as the perpetrator of the criminal acts. ordinarily the identity of the criminal is discovered in one or more of the following ways: confession, eyewitness testimony, or circumstantial evidence.
tracing and locating the criminal.
the second phase of the investigation is concerned with locating the offender. obviously many of the steps previously suggested for identify¬ing the suspect will also lead to his location. usually the criminal is not hiding; he is simply unknown. in those cases, then, the problem is primar¬ily one of identification. in many cases, however, it is necessary to trace a fugitive who is hiding.
proving the guilt.
it is assumed that the criminal has been identified and is now in cus¬tody. the investigation, however, is far from complete; it has en-tered the third and often the most difficult phase, namely, gathering the facts neces¬sary in the trial to prove the guilt of the accused.
the final test of a criminal investigation is in the presentation of the evi¬dence in court. the fact of the existence of the crime must be established; the defendant must be identified and associated with crime scene; competent and credible witnesses must be available; the physical evidence must be appropri¬ately identified, its connection with the case shown; and the whole must be presented in an orderly and logical fashion.
ii. tracing
a great part of investigative work is devoted to "finding" missing or wanted persons. the solving of a case frequently depends upon locating the perpetrator. the proper presentation of a case in court involves the discovery and identification of witnesses. the search for a person is fre¬quently a simple matter of a few telephone calls or a visit to a house. at other times, however, the hunt (поиски) can become a lengthy and com¬plicated ordeal.
the search for persons commonly requires a search of records and an application of various sources of information. the term "tracing" is used here to describe all of these procedures. a patient study of records and the information from officials are often necessary to obtain additional evi¬dence and to locate or to identify a person.
unofficial sources of information such as confidential informants are often used by investigating officers.
(o'hara. fundamentals of criminal investigation)
вопросы к тексту:
1. what phases is the investigation usually divided into?
2. are the three phases necessarily separated in time?
3. what does the identification of the criminal mean?
4. in what way is the identity of the criminal ordinarily discov¬ered?
5. what does primarily the problem lie in if the criminal is un¬known?
6. what must be done to prove the guilt of the accused?
7. what is the great part of investigative work devoted to?
8. what does the proper presentation of a case in court involve?
9. why are a patient study of records and the information from of¬ficials very often necessary for investigating officers?
10. are unofficial sources of information used by investigating of¬ficers?
a) Who live in hostels with excellent facilities?
Where do sudents live with excellent facilities?
What do students do in hostels with excellent facilities?
With what facilities do students live in hostels?
How do students live in hostels?
Students live in hostels with excellent facilities, don't they?
b) A team of designes created a new engine, didn't they?
Who created a new engine?
What did a team of designes do?
What did a team of designes create?
What engine a team of designes did create?
A team of whom did create a new engine?
c) Who carry out scientific research to get a PhD?
What do graduates do to get a PhD?
What kind of research do graduates carry out to get a PhD?
What for do graduares carry out scientific research?
Graduates carry out scientific research to get a PhD, don't they?
d) The department of foreing languages will cooperate with the military, won't they?
Who will cooperate with the military?
What will the department of foreign langiages do with the military?
With whom will the department of foreign languages cooperate?
What department will cooperate with the military?
e) The university has bought a new helicopter for its aircraft fleet, hasn't it?
Who has bought a new helicopter for its aircraft fleet?
What has the university bought for its aircraft fleet?
What for has the university bought a new helicopter?
What helicopter has the unversity bought for its aircraft fleet?
What has the university done?
f) There are many sport facilities on the campus, aren't there?
What is there on the campus?
What facilities are there on the campus?
Where are sport facilities?
How much sport facilities are there on the campus?
g) Catering facility is important for students of full-time tuition, isn't it?
What is important for students of full-time tuition?
What facility is important for the students of full-time tuition?
For whom is the catering facility important?
For which students is the catering facility important?
What is catering facility for students of full-time tuition?
Sport is probably as old as the humanity itself. All over the world people of different ages are very fond of sports and games. Firstly, sport helps people to become strong and to develop physically. Secondly, it makes them more organized and better disciplined in their daily activities. Also sport keeps your mind healthy. Sport helps people to keep in good health. We all need to exercise. Regular exercises give you more energy. Exercises make you feel and look better. The best exercises are: walking, jogging or swimming. Among the sports popular in our country are football, basketball, swimming, volley-ball, tennis, gymnastics. A person can choose sports and games for any season, for any taste.
Объяснение:
Спорт, наверное, так же стар, как само человечество. Во всем мире люди разного возраста очень любят спорт и игры. Во-первых, спорт людям стать сильнее и развиваться физически. Во-вторых, это делает их более организованными и дисциплинированными в повседневной деятельности. Кроме того, спорт поддерживает здоровье вашего ума. Спорт людям сохранять хорошее здоровье. Всем нам нужно заниматься спортом. Регулярные упражнения дают больше энергии. Упражнения улучшают самочувствие и улучшают внешний вид. Лучшие упражнения: ходьба, бег трусцой или плавание. Среди популярных в нашей стране видов спорта - футбол, баскетбол, плавание, волейбол, теннис, гимнастика. Человек может выбрать спорт и игры на любое время года, на любой вкус.