Текст 1. 1. Basically, the automobile consists of three parts: the power plant, or the engine, the chassis and the body. To these may be added the accessories: the heater, lights, radio, speedometer and other devices. 2. The power plant or engine is the source of power that makes the wheels rotate and the car move. It includes electric, fuel, cooling and lubricating systems. Most automobile engines have six or eight cylinders. 3. The chassis consists of a power train, frame with axles, wheels and springs. The chassis includes brakes and steering system. 4. The power train carries the power from the engine to the car wheels and contains the clutch, gearbox, propeller or cardan shaft, differential and the final drive. 5. The clutch is a friction device connecting (or disconnecting) the engine crankshaft to the gears in the gearbox. It is used for freeing the gearbox from the engine and is controlled by the clutch pedal. 6. Brakes are important mechanisms of the car. They are used to slow or stop the car. Most braking systems in use today are hydraulic. They are operated by the brake pedal. When the driver pushes down on the brake pedal, they are applied and the car stops.
Задание№1. ответьте на вопросы.
1. What is the automobile basically made up of?
2. How many cylinders do most engines have?
3. What does the chassis include?
4. What is the main task of the power train?
5. How important are the breaks for a car?
Задание№2. Прочитайте предложения, приведенные ниже, и переведите их.
1. The lubricant is also often used for lubricating the various bearing found in the gearbox.
2. I felt the hot breath from the engine on my face, and the smoke and ashes almost choked us.
3. An engine is any machine that uses energy to develop mechanical power; esp., a machine for transmitting motion to some other machine.
4. The most common cause of this is a simple breakdown of the ignition system.
5. Susan left her vehicle’s lights on to warn cars coming from the left and right that she had a breakdown.
Задание№3. Прочитайте текст из задания №1. еще раз и выпишите 3 предложения, в которых употреблен Gerund; 1 предложение с инфинитивным оборотом; 3 предложения в Passive Voice.
It was strange but I COULDN’T find our cat, Tom, anywhere. The whole family got worried.
“He’s gone hunting,” my YOUNGER sister said.
“All cats hunt MICE. I read about it in a book.”
“I’m sure he IS SLEEPING in the armchair,” Mum said. But the cat wasn’t there either.
“Look! I HAVE FOUND him!” my little sister shouted. “He’s in the washing machine!” We watched in surprise as the cat got out of the washing machine.
“Come on, kitty, come here. We WILL GIVE you some milk.”