Существует несколько выражения будущего времени:
* will
* to be going to
* Present Simple
* Present Continuous
В большинстве случаев обороты с will и going to взаимозаменяемы. Обратите внимание: для выражения будущего времени с необходим вс глагол to be, а точнее – его форма am, is или are.
Пример:
The next World Cup will take in Brazil.
The next World Cup is going to take in Brazil.
Will используется для описания решений, принятых в момент речи, для обещаний и желаний, в то время как going to – для запланированных решений.
Оборот с will используется также для предсказаний.
Обычно мы используем will:
- для сиюминутных решений в данный момент. Например, когда нас спрашивают о чем-то дома, в магазине, на улице, по телефону:
I'll have breakfast in my room.
I'll ring them now.
- с выражениями probably, maybe, perhaps, I think, I expect, I believe, I’m afraid , I’m sure и I hope:
I probably won't be back in time.
I think I'll get a meal in town.
а также для угроз, обещаний (promise, swear, guarantee), предупреждений, за для событий/действий/ситуаций, которые определенно произойдут в будущем, и мы не можем их контролировать:
I’ll be 23 on my next birthday. (= я не могу это изменить)
There'll be a full moon tomorrow.
In 100 years the world will be a very different place. (= никто наверняка не знает, каким будет мир через 100 лет)
Сравните:
I'm taking my History exam again tomorrow. (у меня это четко запланировано)
I'll get higher marks this time. (моя надежда получить высший – мечта)
Оборот be going to и время Present Continuous также используются для выражения будущего времени, описывая планы и намерения.
Пример:
This weekend I am going to visit my parents. I am going to help my dad in the garden.
What are you going to do this weekend?
Are your parents visiting your grandparents? – Yes, they are.
Для предсказаний погоды всегда используем going to.
Мы используем Present Simple для официальных заявлений и расписаний, графиков.
1. The train … at 16.00. a. will arrive b. is arriving c. arrive d. arrives
2. I … to tell you next week. a. am gone b. am going c. is going d. will
3. Sam … to Moscow tomorrow. a. come b. comes c. is coming d. was coming
4. When … the plane …? a. do .. flying b. is … flying c. does … flies d. does … fly 5. Ben … to pass the test. a. was b. is going c. go d. will
6. According to schedule the bus … in an hour a. will come b. comes c. come d. came
7. … to buy some milk and coffee? a. is you going b. you going c. are you going d. will you
8. How many pens … to buy? a. are he going b. he going c. is he going d. he is going
(The text is about The 24 Hours of Le Mans, France!)
Skill, speed, and stamina are the three s’s that mark the world’s best automobile race, the 24 Hours of Le Mans. The race, organized by Automobile Club de L’Ouest, bridges past and present on the automotive circuit.The competition is set on a non-permanent track at Circuit de la Sarthe near the city of Le Mans on the Sarthe River. Roughly 46 cars start the race, in a series of classes that include prototype high-performance vehicles, dedicated race cars, and street cars. The diversity of autos gives the race a mix of old-fashioned and modern competitors. The winner is the car, driven by a team of three drivers, that covers the greatest distance in 24 hours.The first Le Mans contest took place in May 1923; today it is held every June. The race begins at 4 p.m., and for 24 hours the sound of roaring engines fills 8 miles (13 kilometers) of French countryside.