В отличие от русского языка, где в предложении может быть несколько отрицаний, в английском языке возможно только одно отрицание, например: Nobody ever told me anything about it. Мне никто никогда ничего об этом не говорил. Другой отличительной особенностью является то, что в английском предложении именно сказуемое ставится в отрицательной форме. Отрицательная частица not стоит при сказуемом и в тех случаях, когда в соответствующих русских предложениях частица не стоит при другом члене предложения. Он обедает не дома. He does not have his dinner at home. Уроки английского у нас не каждый день. We don’t have English lessons every day. I. Основным средством выражения отрицания в английском языке является отрицательная частица not. 1) Она ставится после первого вс глагола или после модального глагола. 2) В Present и Past Indefinite используется вс глагол do. 3) Если сказуемое выражено глаголом to be, то вс глагол не требуется. 4) Сказуемое, выражено глаголом to have, обычно образует отрицание без do, а в роли модального глагола и в устойчивых словосочетаниях с do. 5) Частица not может относиться и к неличной форме глагола. II. Помимо частицы not в английском языке есть и другие слова, выражающие отрицание. А поскольку в английском предложении может быть только одно отрицание, то сам глагол-сказуемое употребляется в утвердительной форме: 1) отрицательное местоимение no; 2) отрицательные местоимения nobody, no one, none, nothing, neither, nowhere; 3) союз neither... nor; 4) наречия never, hardly, scarcely, seldom, rarely, barely; 5) предлог without; 6) отрицательные приставки in-, un-.
1)Present Continous- I am drinking tea Pr. Perfect- I have drunk tea Pr. Perfect Continuous - I have been drinking tea past simple- I drank tea Past Continuous - I was drinking tea Past Perfect - I had drunk tea Past Perfect Continuous - I had been drinking tea
Future Simple- I shall drink tea F. Continuous - I shall be drinking tea F.Perfect- I shall have drinking tea F.Perfect Continuous - I shall have been drinking tea
2) Pr.Continuous- She is going in the zoo Pr. Perfect - She has gone in the zoo Pr. Perfect Continuous- She has been going in the zoo
Past Simple- She went in the zoo P.Con.- She was going in the zoo P.Perfect- She had gone in the zoo P. Perfect Continuous - She had been going in the zoo
Future Simple- She will go in the zoo F.Continuous- She will be going in the zoo F.Perfect- She will have gone in the zoo F. Perfect Continuous- She will have been going in te zoo
3) Pr. Continuous - We are visiting our friends Pr.Perfect- We have visited our friends Pr.Perfect Con- We have been visiting our friends
P.Simple- We visited our friends P.Con- We were visiting our friends P.Perfect- We had visited our friends P.Perfect Con- We had been visiting our friends
F.Simple- We will visit our friends F.Continuous- We will be visiting our friends F.Perfect- We will have visited our friends F.Per.Con- We will have been visiting our friends
Pr. Perfect- I have drunk tea
Pr. Perfect Continuous - I have been drinking tea
past simple- I drank tea
Past Continuous - I was drinking tea
Past Perfect - I had drunk tea
Past Perfect Continuous - I had been drinking tea
Future Simple- I shall drink tea
F. Continuous - I shall be drinking tea
F.Perfect- I shall have drinking tea
F.Perfect Continuous - I shall have been drinking tea
2) Pr.Continuous- She is going in the zoo
Pr. Perfect - She has gone in the zoo
Pr. Perfect Continuous- She has been going in the zoo
Past Simple- She went in the zoo
P.Con.- She was going in the zoo
P.Perfect- She had gone in the zoo
P. Perfect Continuous - She had been going in the zoo
Future Simple- She will go in the zoo
F.Continuous- She will be going in the zoo
F.Perfect- She will have gone in the zoo
F. Perfect Continuous- She will have been going in te zoo
3) Pr. Continuous - We are visiting our friends
Pr.Perfect- We have visited our friends
Pr.Perfect Con- We have been visiting our friends
P.Simple- We visited our friends
P.Con- We were visiting our friends
P.Perfect- We had visited our friends
P.Perfect Con- We had been visiting our friends
F.Simple- We will visit our friends
F.Continuous- We will be visiting our friends
F.Perfect- We will have visited our friends
F.Per.Con- We will have been visiting our friends