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26.02.2022 17:41 •  Английский язык

Read the text “The Bodies o f Government in the United Kingdom” and answer the following questions on the text:
1. What kind o f state is Great Britain?
2. In what way do the monopolists achieve their power over the government in
Britain?
3. What arc the branches o f power in the United Kingdom?
4. What is the highest legislative body in the United Kingdom?
5. What do the executive bodies o f Great Britain consist of?
6. What kind o f organ is the House o f Lords?
7. Who is responsible for directing national policy in Great Britain?
8. Who is responsible for the operation o f public services in Great Britain?
9. What arc local authorities responsible for?
10. What can you say about the Prime Minister o f Great Britain?
Text:
The Bodies of Government in the United Kingdom

Great Britain is a monarchy, but the Queen o f Great Britain is no absolute, but constitutional. Her powers are limited by Parliament. But the power is hereditary, and not elective.
The power of the monopolists over the Parliamentary government in Britain is achieved in three main ways: 1) by direct representation in Parliament by
businessmen and by politicians supporting businessmen; 2) by direct influence over the Cabinet, the supreme organ o f the British Government which controls Parliament; and 3) by initiation, control and amendment o f legislation in which they arc interested. (“The British Political System” by J. Gollan)
The bodies of government in the United Kingdom arc: those o f the legislature, which consists of the Queen in Parliament and is the supreme authority of the country; those of the executive and those o f the judiciary.
The executive bodies consist o f 1) the Cabinet and other ministers o f the
Crown who arc responsible for directing national policy; 2) government departments, who are responsible for administration at the national level; 3) local authorities who administer and control many services at the local level; and 4) statutory boards, who are responsible for the operation o f particular nationalized industries or public services. The highest judicial body in the English judicial system is the House of Lords.
The Prime Minister is usually the leader o f the party that has a majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister usually takes policy, decisions with the agreement of his Cabinet (a committee o f leading Ministers). Each new Prime
Minister may make changes in the size o f his Cabinet and may create new ministries or make other changes. The Prime Minister holds Cabinet meetings at his (her) house at number 10 Downing Street, which is very near the Houses of Parliament in Westminster