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Higher Education in Russia
Higher education plays an important part in the life of any country as it provides the country with highly-qualified specialists for future development and progress. It trains people to become teachers, engineers, doctors and other professional workers.
In all the industrial countries standards of living are steadily changing; this means that the kind of education, which was good enough thirty years ago, is not necessarily good for them today. The serious need to find ways and means of ensuring continuous and thorough adoption of the universities to contemporary needs in our rapidly changing world is widely recognized. And this means that styles of teaching, quality of learning materials^ and organization of the university itself have to be continuously brought up to date^ and improved.
Besides, knowledge and information which comes through the mass media must also be taken into consideration. This information explosion^ has affected every field of study, especially, of course, in the natural and applied sciences and in all other sciences as well. The increase of information requires new methods and new approaches to students' training and instruction"*.
At present a new system of education is introduced in this country — a distance education system. This computer system of learning helps working professionals to continue their education while remaining at their jobs. This system enables people to get knowledge and a good foundation in the sciences basic to his or her field of study. Distance learning has developed over years^ from satellite video courses to modern videoconferencing through personal computers. The academic year usually lasts 9 months and is divided into two terms (semesters). The first- and second-year students obtain thorough instructions in the fundamental sciences of mathematics, physics, chemistry and drawing as well as computer engineering and a number of others. The curricula are enriched and broadened by instructions in such subjects as foreign languages, history and economics.
At the third year students get more advanced knowledge and begin to concentrate on their special interests, so to say, their «major» subject and take many courses in this subject. Specialized study and courses will help students to become specialists and prepare them for their future work.
After four years students will get a bachelor's degree. Then the students may go on with their studies and in a year or two of further study and research get a master's degree. After graduating from the university they may go on with their study and research and may get a still higher degree.
1. When does the academic year begin in this country?
2. How many exams did you pass to enter the University?
3. Do you pay for your education?
4. Do students get grants?
5. What subjects do students study in the first year?
6. Which subject is the most interesting for you?
7. Is there a sport center in your University?
8. What degree do students get after four years of study?
9. What degree can a student get after two years of further study and research?
10. What new education system is introduced in this country?
11. What specialities do people get after graduating from a university?
12. Why is higher education important in the life of every country?
I like to go to the cinema very much and I like to watch different films. My favourite genres are comedies and melodramas, but also I like fantasy.
I like different kinds of films, because each of them is very interesting and impresses me.
I like comedies because they make me laugh. Some of them are «Dad is 17 Again» , «Just Go with It», «Hitch». They are family films.
Melodramas are sad films. Such films excite people. I usually cry when I watch melodramas. Some of them are «A Walk to Remember», «If only», «Remember Me».
But my favorite film is «Harry Potter. I like all parts of this film. I think that it is the best one and all children and adults love Harry.
There are many computer drawings and special effects in this film.
«Harry Potter» is a very interesting fantasy novel about magicians. But we can see friendship and love in it.
I can watch «Harry Potter» again and again. I watched each of eight films with great interest.
This film teaches us much, I advice all people to watch it.
2. Dear Sir:
I (am looking) for a job in your store. I (want), as a preliminary, to enter your training course with a view to employment either permanently or for the summer. I (am) a graduate of Dartmouth College, class of 1998, and of the Harvard Graduate School of Business Administration, class of 2002. I (specialize) in problems of retail distribution, and I ( hope) to supplement my academic training with actual experience. That is why I (am asking) for your help, so that I can have the opportunity to familiarize myself with department store management at first hand. I (have been dreaming) about it for the last 2 years. I (trust) you (will send) me a prompt and satisfactory reply.
I ( look forward) to hearing from you.
Yours truly, Henry Gordon