EXERCISE 3. PATHOLOGY Pathology is the study of disease. It covers the changes in normal anatomy and physiology brought about by disease and the body's reaction to it. Any shallow breach of the skin or mucous membrane is called an ulcer. The raw base of an ulcer often has a painful bleeding surface. A cyst is an abnormal sac of fluid. Cysts are usually small and localized and can occur in soft tissues or bone anywhere in the body. A tumor is a swelling caused by an abnormal and uncontrolled growth of body cells. It serves no useful purpose and may cause displacement or destruction of adjacent structures. Some types of tumor can spread throughout the body causing severe, and often fatal, destructive effects. This condition is commonly known as cancer. Congenital defects are defects, which are present at birth, such as heart and valvular defects, cleft palate or other deformities. The cause or nature of an ulcer or tumor cannot always be determined by physical or X- ray examination. Confirmation of the diagnosis often necessitates surgical removal of some diseased tissue for examination under a microscope. This minor operation is called a biopsy. The biopsy specimen is sent to a hospital pathology department. The diagnosis of infections often requires bacteriological examination of a swab or smear from an infected surface. Other types of disease are commonly diagnosed by blood and urine tests.
Задание 4.Составить вопросительные предложения из текста Pathology.

1) Where were you doing when I saw you on the bus last night?

2) Did you enjoy the film?

3) When we shared a room, Zoe was always taking my things. It was so annoying!

4) When I went to get the tickets, I realised I didn't have any money.

5) When I was young, we went to France every year on holiday.

6) Did Elvis become famous for the song Blue Suede Shoes.

7) When you rang last night, I was working in the garden so I didn't hear the phone.

8) I heard from Davina last night. She says hello.

9) The old man appeared to be very tired and he slowly sat down

10) We threw a surprise party for my brother las Saturday.

Entertainment History Nearly everyone enjoys entertainment. Popular entertainment dates back to prehistoric times, when dance, music and storytelling were very important. The tradition of entertainment began in ancient Greece about 2,500 years ago with the development of Greek drama. In those days, festivals were organized to congratulate Dionysus, the Greek god of wine and new life, with songs and dances. Later poets began to write stories for a large group of performers (chorus and actor read). Then another actor imagined creating a dialogue between the characters. There were two forms of classical Greek drama - tragedy and comedy. The Romans continued the traditions of Greece and developed other forms of entertainment. The beginning of the circus is associated with gladiators fighting in public arenas. During the Middle Ages, the church considered entertainment and drama wrong, but dramas returned again with religious and moral plays. During the Renaissance, theater became less religious and there was a renewed interest in Greek and Roman drama. Ordinary people preferred comedies performed by a traveling group of actors. At first, the actors did not have a text, only an idea ruled them by improvisation. They usually performed on high platforms in public places. The actors were offered entertainment that included plays, songs and dances. The golden age of theater began when the first dedicated theaters were built. The first of these theaters was opened in London in 1652. Soon, several more appeared, including the famous Globus Theater. Among the writers who worked in these theaters was William Shakespeare, one of the greatest playwrights in any language. Shakespeare read a lot of literature to his listeners, but at the same time he gave them popular entertainment. Nowadays, people entertain themselves by listening to music, watching television programs, films and videos, going to concerts and circus shows, but the theater remains one of their favorite pastimes.(На кратком не получилось)