D. Circle the correct words. In the 16th century the Spanish explorer Hernán Cortés (1) travelled / was travelled to South America.
There he met the Aztecs and he (2) was served / served a drink called 'xocoatl by them. Xocoatl
(3) was made / made from cocoa beans which (4) grow / are grown on cocoa trees. Cortés (5) took / was taker
some beans to Spain. Later, sugar (6) was added / added to the powder
and a tastier drink (7) produced / was produced. Soon, it became
popular all over Europe. Today everyone (8) loves / is loved chocolate.
It (9) is eaten / eats by millions of people all over the world.
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A crossword puzzle is a game of words where the player is given a hint and the number of letters. The player then fills in a grid of boxes by finding the right words. Liverpool journalist, Arthur Wynne invented the first crossword puzzle.Arthur WynneArthur Wynne was born on June 22, 1871 in Liverpool, England. He immigrated to the United States at the age of nineteen. He first lived in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and worked for the Pittsburgh Press newspaper. An interesting side-note, was that Wynne also played violin in the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra.Later, Arthur Wynne moved to Cedar Grove, New Jersey and started working for a New York City based newspaper called the New York World. He wrote the first crossword puzzle for the New York World, published on Sunday, December 21, 1913. The editor had asked Wynne to invent a new game for the paper's Sunday entertainment section.View a copy of Arthur Wynne's first crossword puzzleWord-Cross to Cross-Word to CrosswordArthur Wynne's first crossword puzzle was initially called word-cross and was diamond-shaped. The name later switched to cross-word, and then as a result of an accidental typo the hyphen was dropped and the name became crossword.Wynne based his crossword puzzle on a similar but much older game played in ancient Pompeii that translated from Latin to English was called Magic Squares. In Magic Squares, the player is given a group of words and has to arrange them on a grid so that the words read the same way across and down. A crossword puzzle is very similar, except instead of being given the words the player is given clues.Arthur Wynne added other innovations to the crossword puzzle. While the first puzzle wasdiamond-shaped, he later invented horizontal and vertical shaped puzzles; and Wynne invented the use of adding blank black squares to a crossword puzzle.The crossword puzzle in a British publication was published in Pearson's Magazine in February 1922. The first New York Times crossword was published on February 1 1930.First Book of Crossword PuzzlesAccording to the Guinness Book of Records, the first collection of crossword puzzles was published in the USA in 1924. Called The Cross Word Puzzle Book it was the first publication by a new partnership formed by Dick Simon and Lincoln Schuster. The book, a compilation of crossword puzzles from the newspaper New York World, was an instant success and helped to establish publishing giant Simon & Schuster, who continue to produce crossword books to this day.

Русский писатель Лев Николаевич Толстой(1828-1910) – автор известных произведений “Война и мир”, “Анна Каренина”, “Смерть Ивана Ильича”, и в наши дни продолжает считаться одним из лучших писателей мира.

Лев Толстой родился 9 сентября 1828 года в Тульской губернии (Россия) в семье, принадлежащей классу дворян. В годы своего юнкерства в армии у Толстого было немало свободного времени. В спокойные периоды он работал над автобиографической историей под названием «Детство». В ней он писал о своих самых любимых детских воспоминаниях. В 1852 году Толстой отправил рассказ в “Современник”, самый популярный журнал того времени. Рассказ был с радостью принят, и он стал первой публикацией Толстого. С этого времени критики ставили его в один ряд с уже известными писателями, среди которых присутствовали Иван Тургенев(с которым Толстой подружился), Иван Гончаров, Александр Островский и другие.

В 1860-х годах он написал свой первый большой роман – “Война и мир”. В 1873 году Толстой приступил к работе над второй из наиболее известных его книг, “Анна Каренина”. Он продолжал писать беллетристику на протяжении 1880-х и 1890-х годов. Одна из его самых успешных поздних работ – “Смерть Ивана Ильича”. Толстой умер 20 ноября 1910 г. в Астапово, Россия.