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every hour about 1,500 people visit the louvre museum in paris with the specific intention of seeing one particular painting: the mona lisa by leonardo da vinci. most of these visitors look at the painting for about three minutes before they walk back to the tourist buses outside.
leonardo loved the painting very much and people say that he took it everywhere with him. the painting was originally ordered by a rich businessman in florence, who wanted a portrait of his wife, lisa. leonardo began the painting in 1503 and he finished it about three or four years later. the fact that leonardo wanted to keep the painting himself, adds to the mona lisa’s mystique.
mona lisa’s mysterious smile has fascinated everyone who has ever seen the painting. in his ‘lives of the artists’, written just a few years after leonardo’s death, giorgio vasari wrote, ‘while painting mona lisa leonardo employed singers and musicians to keep her happy and so avoid the sadness that painters usually give to portraits. as a result, there was a smile that seemed divine rather than human; and those who saw it were amazed to find how alive and real it appeared.’
modern art critics also emphasize how the portrait seems alive and real. ‘she is like a living person,’ writes art historian e.h. gombrich, ‘she seems to change before our eyes. even in photographs we can experience this strange effect. sometimes she seems to be looking down on us, and sometimes we can detect sadness in her smile. all this sounds rather mysterious, and it is; that is so often the effect of a great work of art.’
the mona lisa is certainly a masterpiece, a magnificent work of art, but it is also a part of modern popular culture. her image appears on plates, tshirts, mouse pads and in advertisements. perhaps for this reason, officials at the louvre museum placed the painting in a specially built area in a room with other great 16th century italian paintings. in this way, visitors have a better chance to appreciate the painting as a work of art rather than as a tourist attraction.
During his autumn holidays Nick travelled to Brussels, the capital of Belgium. Nick and his family had a wonderful time in Brussels. It is a big city with a beautiful central square. People say it is very pleasant there in early spring and in summer when there are a lot of flowers in it. Nick and his parents stayed in a hotel in the centre of Brussels. They did the city and enjoyed Brussels a lot.
When Nick was in Russia again, he took all the maps, pictures and photos of Brussels to his school and showed them to his friends. They enjoyed Nick’s talk about Brussels and about the Hollywood film star Jean Claude Van Damme who is from Belgium. In Hollywood they gave him the nickname of “muscles from Brussels”.
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Во время своих осенних каникул Ник побывал в Брюсселе, столице Бельгии. Ник и его семья прекрасно провели время в Брюсселе. Это большой город с красивой центральной площадью. Люди говорят, что там очень приятно ранней весной и летом, когда на ней много цветов. Ник и его родители остановились в отеле в центре Брюсселя. Они посмотрели город и наслаждались Брюсселем.
Когда Ник снова был в России, он взял все карты, фотографии и фотографии Брюсселя в свою школу и показал их своим друзьям. Им понравился рассказ Ника о Брюсселе и о голливудской кинозвезде Жан Клод Ван Дамм из Бельгии. В Голливуде ему дали прозвище «мышцы из Брюсселя».
The Statue of Liberty is one of the main sights of New York City and the symbol of freedom of all Americans. It’s the statue of a graceful woman with the flare in her hand, which enlightens the world.The structure of the woman is colossal. Its total height is about 93 meters. The woman only, without the flare and the base, is 46 meters. When visitors want to reach the spiky crown of the statue they should overpass 356 stairs.The Statue of Liberty is situated on the Liberty Island, which is not far from Manhattan. The full name of the statue is “Liberty Enlightening the World” and it was presented to the USA by Frenchmen on 28 October 1886 in order to commemorate the centennial of the American Revolution. Thus, the statue symbolizes freedom and democracy of American nation. Another remarkable symbol is the crown on the head of Statue of Liberty. It has seven rays on it, which symbolize seven continents and seven seas. The crown also contains 25 windows symbolizing earthly gems and heavenly rays, which illuminate the world.
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