Analyse lexical items/ find translation techniques from this text About a thousand years ago, people known as the Vikings were known and feared throughout Europe. The Vikings were the people of the northern part of Europe, called Scandinavia, which includes the modern countries of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. The Vikings made their living by farming and fishing. However, by about the year 700, they began making attacks, or raids, upon towns along the coasts of Europe in order to steal the wealth of those towns.
The Vikings made their attacks very quickly and without any warning. They were very cruel to the people of the towns they attacked, and they sometimes destroyed the towns by burning down the buildings. In some parts of Europe, the local kings would often fight against the Vikings. Sometimes, however, the kings would pay the Vikings in order to persuade them not to attack.
Although the Vikings were known as fierce warriors, they also built excellent ships. The wooden Viking ships, called longboats, were able to sail even in very bad weather. Many Viking longboats were about 20 metres long, but some were nearly 90 metres long. The Viking sailors used both sails and oars to move their ships.
The Vikings travelled across a large area. They made many of their attacks in Britain, France, and Germany, but sometimes sailed south, into the Mediterranean Sea. Other Vikings moved to the east, and then south along the rivers of Russia. Some even went as far as the area that is now the country of Turkey. In some places, the Vikings decided to stay. Many Vikings settled in England and in France, and eventually they mixed with the local people. Other Vikings settled in Russia and also mixed with the people there. The most famous travels of the Vikings were in the Atlantic Ocean. Vikings sailed westward to the island of Iceland where many of them stayed.
My parents, my _younger__ sister and even my dog were sleeping.
I __thought__ that life was unfair, but went to the bathroom for a cold shower anyway.
When I was cleaning my __teeth___, my mobile phone rang.
“Hi, it’s me,” Henry said cheerfully. “What _are_ you _doing__ at home? I’m at the stadium already, waiting for you.”
In a few minutes I was there too. “Look,” Henry pointed at the ball. A little footballer __was drawn__ there. “The Manchester United captain himself drew it there. It’s a lucky ball now.
If we play with it, we _will win__ the final.”
My parents want me to go to university but I’m not sure that I want to. When I was a small child, there were lots of ___different __ toys in our house, but I preferred the cars.
I dreamed of being a _driver_.
To me, it’s the most ___interesting job in the world.
My parents ___usually___ understand me
and I hope they approve of my decision to put off university and get a job.
It was Sunday so I didn’t have to go to school. I woke up late, got up and ___went__ to the kitchen.
It was strange but I ___couldn't___ find our cat, Tom, anywhere. The whole family got worried.
“He’s gone hunting,” my ___younger___ sister said.
“All cats hunt __mice___. I read about it in a book.”
“I’m sure he __is sleeping__ in the armchair,” Mum said. But the cat wasn’t there either.
“Look! I _have found__ him!” my little sister shouted. “He’s in the washing machine!” We watched in surprise as the cat got out of the washing machine.
“Come on, kitty, come here. We __will give__ you some milk.”
Lisa was walking slowly along the aisles. The University library was the _largest__ library she had ever seen.
The librarians moved quietly as they were wearing special soft shoes on their _feet_.
“Can I help you?” A young librarian __came up__ up to Lisa.
“Yes, thank you. I __have found__ all the books from my reading list,” Lisa said, “but I can’t find any information about architecture.”
“I _will show__ you,” the librarian said.
“By the way, __do_ you _know_ who built our library?” Lisa didn’t.
“Oh, it _was built__ more that four centuries ago. I can recommend a book about the architect if you are interested.”
Rome is not only an ancient city or a capital of Italy. It is a special place where everyone can feel himself at home. You will never be alone in Rome, because it seems that all people know each other and even tourists don’t feel uncomfortable there.
Rome is obviously an amazing city where you can see and visit such famous monuments as the Colosseum, the Roman Forum, the Pantheon, the Trevi Fountain and Vatican City. All these and many other tourist attractions amaze and make such a great impression that you will never be able to forget them.
Apart from sightseeing, you can also explore Italian culture in Rome. You can feel yourself a part of a mysterious rite entering any patisserie or bar in the morning. Once you share your breakfast consisting of a cup of creamy cappuccino and filled croissant with those Italians who come to that place, you will become more relaxed and even “Italian”.
And finally, you can enjoy yourself in a big park area in Rome. It is called “Villa Borghese” and it is a perfect place to spend a hot and sunny day under its trees or to walk its wide paths in. In addition, Villa Borghese can offer you different other activities. You can visit famous “Borghese Gallery” and also a zoo placed in the park.
Consequently, Rome is a city where everyone can find his place. You can walk, visit museums, do shopping, go to opera and do many other things there. But there’s one thing that you will certainly do in Rome – you will enjoy yourself.
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